Principais fatores para o reganho de peso após cirurgia bariátrica: revisão de literatura

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Overweight represents a global problem that has progressively increased in recent decades, approximately 650 million people around the world are overweight. Currently, bariatric surgery is considered the best treatment for obesity, with sleeve gastrectomy being the most common surgical approach. Weight gain after bariatric surgery is a frequent concern, as approximately 30% of patients can regain approximately 25% of their total weight loss. METHODOLOGY: Literature review, the database used in PubMed, with articles published in the last 5 years (2018-2023), using the Health Sciences Descriptors (DeCS): ((Bariatric surgery) AND (Weight regain)). 71 studies were selected for reading, and 15 of these were selected to compose the review. Based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: Important factors for weight gain or insufficient weight loss are patients who are older, male, have a high preoperative BMI, have psychiatric disorders and have comorbidities. After the weight loss plateau period requires patients to adopt restrictive measures, behavioral and nutritional modifications in the long term. Another study found that more than 76% of patients who underwent sleeve gastrectomy had significant weight gain after six years. CONCLUSION: It is possible to conclude that bariatric surgery is the main treatment for obesity, however, to maintain the benefits of the procedure, multidisciplinary monitoring (medical team, psychologists, nutritionists, physical educators) is extremely important.