A Piora na qualidade de vida de pacientes com DPOC expostos a partículas PM2.5 da poluição

Abstract

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a severe respiratory condition affecting millions and is associated with prolonged exposure to environmental pollutants, particularly fine particulate matter (PM2.5). This study aims to analyze the relationship between PM2.5 exposure and the quality of life in COPD patients. An integrative literature review was conducted across PubMed, Scopus, and MEDLINE, focusing on articles published between 2014 and 2024, with a low risk of bias. The research followed the PICO model, considering studies that linked PM2.5 exposure to deteriorating quality of life in COPD patients. The review included 21 articles, highlighting that prolonged exposure to PM2.5 exacerbates COPD symptoms, accelerates disease progression, increases hospitalization rates, and worsens quality of life. Patients exposed to PM2.5 exhibited greater physical limitations, more frequent exacerbations, and a higher risk of mortality. Additionally, there was an impact on mental health, with increased levels of anxiety and depression. PM2.5 exposure significantly affects the quality of life of COPD patients, deteriorating both physical and psychological aspects. Pollution control policies are crucial to minimize these impacts and enhance pulmonary health, ultimately reducing the incidence and severity of chronic lung diseases.