NON-COMPACTED MYOCARDIUM AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF CASES

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Check whether physical activity is recommended for those who practice physical activity with left ventricular noncompaction (LVNC). METHODS: This is a systematic review of case reports published between 2010 and 2024 on the Pubmed and Scielo platforms, related to the topic of the present study. To ensure greater reliability and quality of the study, the PRISMA methodology was applied. RESULTS: Of the 684 articles found, only ten belonged to the final sample. Of the 10 practitioners, 60% were male, amateur athletes and symptomatic. Symptoms presented during or after physical exercise were chest pain, palpitations, syncope and dyspnea. The average age was 24.3 years and the ejection fraction ranged from 32 to 65%. Anticoagulant therapies and defibrillator implantation were seen in four studies (40%). The evolution of the cases studied was positive, except for the single death; Of the 9 living patients, only 1 was suspended from physical activity due to the clinical condition and important family history. CONCLUSIONS: Professional athletes with LVNC should not be released for competitive practice due to the lack of studies that prove the safety of physical exercise with high workload and physical effort, ensuring that it does not have irreversible consequences of the disease. On the other hand, amateur practitioners can be released to practice sports if they are asymptomatic, with preserved ejection fraction and no history of cardiovascular events.