OCCURRENCE OF DIFFERENT SPECIES OF PLASMODIUM PRESENT IN HUMANS, OTHER PRIMATES AND INSECT VECTORS IN THE STATE OF SÃO PAULO/BRAZIL: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Keywords:
Plasmodium spp, Malária autóctone, Mata Atlântica, Portador assintomático, Primatas não-humanos, Anofelinos, Epidemiologia., Plasmodium spp, Autochthonous malaria, Atlantic Forest, Asymptomatic carrier, Non-human primates, Anopheles, Epidemiology.Abstract
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to verify the participation of apes, insect vectors and asymptomatic human carriers in the transmission of malaria in the state of São Paulo/Brazil, correlating the occurrence of different species of circulating Plasmodium.
METHODS: A systematic literature review was carried out using the PRISMA criteria. The search for scientific articles was carried out in the MEDLINE via PubMed, LILACS via BIREME and Scielo databases between 2010 and 2022; clinical trials, pictorial trials, literature reviews, case reports, among others that addressed the topic, available online in full text in English and/or Portuguese were analyzed.
RESULTS: Studies have shown that despite the predominance of Plasmodium vivax in human infections, the presence of Plasmodium falciparum has also been observed in some regions, highlighting the importance of comprehensive control strategies for both species. In view of this, the detection of asymptomatic cases is recommended in order to identify potential reservoirs of the disease, and this is even more necessary in non-endemic areas, such as the state of São Paulo, where non-immune patients may be vulnerable. In addition, the studies also suggest the relevance of ecology in transmission, with deforestation being associated with the maintenance of malaria.
CONCLUSION: The findings can help future research, as well as direct malaria control policies in São Paulo, providing a basis for strategies to tackle this disease in the region.
DESCRIPTORS: Plasmodium spp, Autochthonous malaria, Atlantic Forest, Asymptomatic carrier, Apes, Anopheles, Epidemiology.
